Peters



GEO. W. WILSON, OF NASHUA, NEW HAMPSHIRE, ASSIGNOR TO WM. D. BEASON AND E. G. REED.

METHOD OF HANGING. DOORS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 1,678, flated July 10, 1840.

To all coli-omit mag/concern Be it known vthat I, GEORGE IV. WILSON, of Nashua,icountyl of Hillsboro, and State of New Hampshire, have invented a new and useful Method of Hanging Parlor and other Doors by Means ofan Improvement in the Hinges-Applied to ,the Same.

The V said improvement, the principles thereof, and manner in which I have contemplated the application` of the same, by which it may be distinguishedl from other inventions of, a likecharacter, together with such parts or combinations I consider new and claim as my invention, I have hereinafter set forth and described, which description taken in connection with the accompanying' drawings herein referred to coniposes my specification...

Fig'ure l, represents a door open at an angle of ninety degrees, together with a section of the partition wall A and door opening. Fig. 2, is the same shut or closed. The remaining figures are sketches of my improved hinges.

It -willbe seen` by inspection of Fig. l, that when the door is open, the lower part or corner d sets off ata greater distance from the casing c f than the upper corner does from the saine. This is done by placing the lower hinge or point of support, somewhat outof a perpendicular, dropped from Athe upper hinge, either more or less front or away from thecasing of the door as represented in Fig.I l, and more or less to the left or toward a point a Fig. 2, according to the angular position in which it is desirable the door shall remain or stand still when open. By thus regulating the peculiar position of the lower hinge, by setting its center or axis, more or less out of a perpendicular dropped from the upper hinge, the door when opened to the required angle, will so remain, but if not opened so far it will fall back or shut by its own weight. This angular position at which the door shall stand still, when open, should be rather greater than the angle to which it is generally opened in passing in and out the same.

It will readily be perceived on opening a door, which is hung with the lower hinge projecting beyond the casing, a greater distance than the upper, as before describedthat the plane of the door is slightly inclined to a horizontal plane, which inclination changes according to the angle to which the door` is opened. Although this change of inclination is small, yet were we to hang thefdoor in this manner with common butt hinges fitted square to the casing and door in the usual way (allowing the lowerto project somewhat beyond the upper), on attempting to open the door, the hinges would bind, and in most ycases the pressure of the parts would be so great, as to immediately break or destroy the hinges.

For the above reasons it is'necessary to construct the hinges in such a mann-er, that there may be sufficient looseness or play between the joints, to allow the opening of the door without` the friction and binding of the parts, to such an extent as `will `be productive of injurious consequences.

Also, at the same time, it is desirable that the-parts should be so fitted to each other',`

that while they satisfactorily operate in the n above manner they shall be in such contact, or shall so accommodate vthemselves to each other when the door is opened to any angle,- that there may be nounnecessary shake or looseness. This is effected by the following method of constructing the hinges. The lower hinge or support is formed of two pieces of metal z' 7c Figs. 5 Vand 6 shaped as seen in the drawing or otherwisesuitably formed, the former of which is screwed to the casing, whilethe latter is screwed to the door. The part z' is placed below the part 7c and has a hollow or conical socket orstep Z which receives the pivot m of the upper part /v Fig. 6, the said pivot resting and moving in the same whenthe door is opened. By drilling a hole o down through the top of the hinge into and through the pivot m oil may be passed through the same into the step Z, which will retain the same for a longl time, and thus lubricate the joint of the hinge, and greatly diminish friction and wear in the same.

I construct the upper hinge as exhibited in Figs. 3 and t, the latter of which represents a vertical section through the joint of the hinge, or taken on the line m, y, in the end view Fig. 7. This joint is formed in three parts A B C Fig. 3, whereas the common butt hinge generally has five viz a o CZ c Fig. 8. The length f g, of B Fig. 3, is generally about a sixteenth or an eighth ofan inch less, than the length h z', of the space between the two parts A and C, and

Q Lev the'hole t-hrough the middle part B through which the pin la Z passes, is rimmed out, from each `extremity toward the center, s0 as to be of a double conical bore as exhibited in section Fig. 4;, at fm n 0 pdg' 1 0 7J, the diameter of the bore at 0 p being equal to that of the holes through the parts A and C. Thus it will be seen, that the half E of the hinge, will swivel about on the circular bearing 0 p, so as to bring the two halves E, F into angular position with each other as represented in Fig. 9.. As the part B is not so long by a, sixteenth of an inch or thereabouts, as the space or distance between the parts A and C, and also as the jointsshould be vfittedv loosely on all sides in apposition, the lower hingerepresented in Figs." 5 and G, as well as the upper, can be fitted square (to use Vthe technical term employed by carpenters), upon the casing and door, and when the dooris swungw open, the double vconical bore of the partV B, will permit t-he door to open without any injury to the hinge, while, at the same time, the upper hinge, by means of it, willsu'tfer the pin 7c Z to accommodate itself, or change "its inclination or position, according to the situation of the door. And furthermore it will be seen, that in order to fit the hinge square t to the casing, and to adapt it to' the angular position of the pivot of the'` lower hinge, said pivot being arranged to such anangle to which we wish the door to open, and there remain, and when opened to a less angle, to closeby its own weight, or when opened to aV greater angle to'fall back and remain open, it `is necessary that the parts A B C beconst-ructed `as' above described. Therefore, one great object of my invention is to give-to the upper hinge such a constructionr that, both it and the lower may be fitted ito the door and casing by any carpenter, there are Vnot many who can fit common butt hinges so that their axes shall be out of theperpendicular as before described, without their having a very awlard and unsightly appearance,

As doors are generally hung, wheneyerA `any set-tlement `of a building or partition takes place, and causes the door to bind or bear hard on the threshold or sides of the frame, so asto render the operation diflicult, it generally becomes necessary to withdraw thefscrews of the hinges, in order to take down the door, to plane off or otherwise reduce the edges. Removing the same a few times, destroys the adhesion of the hinge screws to the wood, and `of course, affects the proper movement of the door. By using my improved hinges, it will only be neces sary to 'draw out the pin 70 Z of the upper hinge, and bringing the upper part of the door, a little forward, itmay be easily and at once lifted from its support z' Fig. 5, and when repaired, can be replaced with as little trouble and 4without the necessity of removing the screws of the hinges.

In case of fire, valuable doors may be easily saved if hung with my improvements, whereas, as generally hinged to the frame or casing, they cannot be` taken down with facility, and are most always burned with the dwelling. 1 i

Having thus described and set forth the nature of myimprovements, I shall claim in thefsame,

The construction of the upper hingein combination with the lower hinge, arranged and operating together, substantially in the manner and forthe purposes herein above described. 3

In testimony that'the above is a true `description of my said invention and improvement I have hereto set my signature this nineteenth day of June in the year of our Lord eighteen hundred'and forty.

GEO. W'. WILSON.` Titnesses Y R. H. EDDY,

EZRA LINCOLN, r. 

